Tại sao nhôm có công dụng lớn trong sản xuất đời sống?
Nhôm nguyên chất rất mềm, có sức mạnh thấp, có độ dẻo tốt, có thể được kéo thành sợi và cuộn thành lá, và được sử dụng trong sản xuất dây điện, dây cáp, ngành công nghiệp phát thanh, và ngành công nghiệp bao bì. Độ dẫn điện của nó bằng khoảng 2/3 so với độ dẫn điện của đồng, but because its density is only one-third that of copper, the conductivity of aluminum is about copper compared to aluminum and copper wires of equal mass and equal length. Doubled, and the price is lower than copper, so the field high-voltage line is mostly made of aluminum, saving a lot of cost and alleviating the tension of copper.
Aluminum has a thermal conductivity three times larger than that of iron. Aluminum is used in the industry to manufacture various heat exchangers and heat-dissipating materials. Many cookware used in homes are also made of aluminum. Compared with iron, it is not easy to rust and prolongs its service life. Aluminum powder has a silvery white luster and is often used as a coating in combination with other materials. It is applied to the surface of iron products to protect the iron products from corrosion and aesthetics. Because aluminum emits dazzling white light and emits a lot of heat when burned in oxygen, it is often used to make explosive mixtures such as ammonium-aluminum explosives.
Adding a small amount of aluminum to some metals can greatly improve their performance. Such as bronze aluminum (including aluminum 4% ~ 15%), the alloy has high strength corrosion resistance, hardness is close to low carbon steel, and has a metallic luster that is not easy to darken, often used in jewelry and construction industries, manufacturing machines Parts and tools for pickling equipment and other equipment in contact with dilute sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid; making electro-mechanical brushes and grips; heavy-duty gears and worm gears, metal forming dies, machine tool guides, spark-free Tools, non-magnetic chains, bình áp lực, bộ trao đổi nhiệt, compressor blades, ship propellers and anchors. Adding magnesium to aluminum, it produces an aluminum-magnesium alloy, which is much harder than pure magnesium and aluminum, and retains its light weight characteristics. It is often used to make aircraft fuselage, rocket arrow; manufacturing doors and windows, Beautify the living environment; manufacture ships.
Aluminum can displace metals from other oxides (aluminum thermal process). Its alloy is light and tough, and is a structural material for aircraft, giá hợp kim nhôm, and automobiles. A large amount of pure aluminum is used for cables. Widely used to make daily utensils.