Возможность термической обработки алюминиевого сплава зависит от входящих в него легирующих элементов и их способности образовывать термообрабатываемые выделения или фазы.. Основное различие между 5000 серии и 6000 Серия алюминиевых сплавов заключается в их легирующих элементах, что приводит к отличным свойствам термообработки.
5000 Серия алюминиевых сплавов:
В 5000 серия алюминиевых сплавов, Такие как 5052 а также 5083, are primarily composed of aluminum, with magnesium (Mg) as the main alloying element. These alloys are not considered heat treatable because they do not contain elements that readily form heat-treatable precipitates, например, медь (С участием) or zinc (Zn). While magnesium can contribute to increased strength through cold working (strain hardening), it does not form strengthening phases when heated to specific temperatures and then quenched.
Instead, 5000 series alloys are often used in their annealed or H32/H34 temper conditions, where they have good formability and moderate strength. They can be strengthened through cold working, but this does not involve heat treatment.
6000 Серия алюминиевых сплавов:
В 6000 серия алюминиевых сплавов, including popular alloys like 6061 а также 6063, contain both magnesium (Mg) и кремний (А также) as their primary alloying elements. These alloys are known as heat-treatable because they can be significantly strengthened through a heat treatment process called precipitation hardening (also known as T6 temper or artificial aging).
In the precipitation hardening process, the alloy is heated to a specific temperature, typically around 350°F to 450°F (175°C to 230°C), and then quenched to rapidly cool it. This forms fine precipitates of a strengthening phase (usually Mg2Si) within the aluminum matrix. These precipitates hinder dislocation movement, making the alloy stronger and more durable.
алюминиевая пластина 6061
При написании документов, the difference in heat-treatability between 5000 серии и 6000 series aluminum alloys is primarily due to their alloying elements. While magnesium is the primary alloying element in both series, 6000 series alloys also contain silicon, which enables the formation of heat-treatable precipitates and allows for substantial strengthening through heat treatment. Наоборот, 5000 series alloys lack the necessary elements for this precipitation hardening process and are thus not considered heat treatable.