Il est rapporté que les indiens ont été les premiers à utiliser l'aluminium pour fabriquer des carters automobiles en 1896. Au début du 20e siècle, l'aluminium avait une certaine application dans la fabrication de voitures de luxe et de voitures de course. Des voitures avec une carrosserie en aluminium ont commencé à apparaître, comme la voiture modèle T d'Henry Ford et ferrari 360 voitures de course sur le circuit européen dans les années 1920 et 1930.
Aluminum has the characteristics of low density, bonne résistance à la corrosion, and good plasticity of aluminum alloy, fonderie, forger, stamping process are applicable, the most suitable for auto parts production die casting process.From the cost of production, parts quality and material utilization from several aspects such as comparison, aluminum alloy has become a car production indispensable important materials, aluminum alloy as a typical light metal is widely used in foreign cars, foreign auto aluminum alloy parts mainly include piston, cylinder head, coquille d'embrayage, the oil pan, pare-chocs, échangeur de chaleur, stents, roues, car plate and decorative parts, etc.).Maintenant, les États Unis, Japan and Germany are the countries with the most aluminum alloy used in automobiles, such as Volkswagen AudiA8 and A2 in Germany and NXS in Japan. The amount of aluminum alloy used in automobile bodies reaches 80%.In addition to the aluminum alloy used by Shanghai santana, faw audi and jetta (all of which are imported production lines), China has more red flags, À propos 80 ~ 100kg.It is shown that the aluminum alloy structure can be used to replace the traditional steel structure, which can reduce the quality of the automobile by 30% ~ 40%, reduce the engine by 30% and reduce the wheel by 50%.Aluminum alloy is one of the important ways for automobile to be light weight, protection environnementale, energy saving, speed up and transportation efficiency.Therefore, it is very necessary to research and develop aluminum alloy automobile.
The main advantages of aluminum alloy are light weight and good heat dissipation.With the development of engine technology, four-air valve structure has become the main trend of engine design.Compared with two-valve engine, each cylinder four-valve cylinder head than each cylinder two-valve cylinder head in the work to generate more heat, the use of all-aluminum alloy cylinder head is the best solution.
Maintenant, car engine parts not only piston, radiateur, oil sump cylinder block use aluminum alloy material, and cylinder head, crankcase also use this material.In the current form, the use of aluminum alloy in the engine instead of cast iron has become the mainstream trend.French car aluminum cylinder sleeve has reached 100%, aluminum cylinder body up to 45%.In the next few years, with the development of high strength and high quality aluminum alloy materials and the continuous improvement of manufacturing technology, aluminum alloy materials will be more and more used to manufacture such parts.